The Hellenic Navy (HN) (Greek: Πολεμικό Ναυτικό, Polemikó Naftikó, abbreviated ΠΝ) is the naval force of Greece, part of the Greek Armed Forces. The modern Greek navy has its roots in the naval forces of various Aegean Islands, which fought in the Greek War of Independence. During the periods of monarchy (1833–1924 and 1936–1973) it was known as the Royal Navy (Βασιλικόν Ναυτικόν, Vasilikón Naftikón, abbreviated ΒΝ).The total displacement of all the navy's vessels is approximately 150,000 tons.The motto of the Hellenic Navy is "Μέγα το της Θαλάσσης Κράτος" from Thucydides' account of Pericles' oration on the eve of the Peloponnesian War. This has been roughly translated as "Great is the country that controls the sea". The Hellenic Navy's emblem consists of an anchor in front of a crossed Christian cross and trident, with the cross symbolizing Greek Orthodoxy, and the trident symbolizing Poseidon, the god of the sea in Greek mythology. Pericles' words are written across the top of the emblem. "The navy, as it represents a necessary weapon for Greece, should only be created for war and aim to victory."...............The Hellenic Merchant Marine refers to the Merchant Marine of Greece, engaged in commerce and transportation of goods and services universally. It consists of the merchant vessels owned by Greek civilians, flying either the Greek flag or a flag of convenience. Greece is a maritime nation by tradition, as shipping is arguably the oldest form of occupation of the Greeks and a key element of Greek economic activity since the ancient times. Nowadays, Greece has the largest merchant fleet in the world, which is the second largest contributor to the national economy after tourism and forms the backbone of world shipping. The Greek fleet flies a variety of flags, however some Greek shipowners gradually return to Greece following the changes to the legislative framework governing their operations and the improvement of infrastructure.Blogger Tips and Tricks
This is a bilingual blog in English and / or Greek and you can translate any post to any language by pressing on the appropriate flag....Note that there is provided below a scrolling text with the 30 recent posts...Αυτό είναι ένα δίγλωσσο blog στα Αγγλικά η/και στα Ελληνικά και μπορείτε να μεταφράσετε οποιοδήποτε ποστ σε οποιαδήποτε γλώσσα κάνοντας κλικ στη σχετική σημαία. Σημειωτέον ότι παρακάτω παρέχεται και ένα κινούμενο κείμενο με τα 30 πρόσφατα ποστς....This is a bilingual blog in English and / or Greek and you can translate any post to any language by pressing on the appropriate flag....Note that there is provided below a scrolling text with the 30 recent posts...Αυτό είναι ένα δίγλωσσο blog στα Αγγλικά η/και στα Ελληνικά και μπορείτε να μεταφράσετε οποιοδήποτε ποστ σε οποιαδήποτε γλώσσα κάνοντας κλικ στη σχετική σημαία. Σημειωτέον ότι παρακάτω παρέχεται και ένα κινούμενο κείμενο με τα 30 πρόσφατα ποστς.........

Saturday, September 18, 2010

Russia and NATO..[ 1818 ]

NATO chief stresses need for good ties with Russia
NATO chief stresses need for good ties with Russia
NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen on Friday stressed the need for closer cooperation with Russia, focusing on "inclusive" missile defence system, conventional armaments controls and a reduction in short-range nuclear weapons, dpa reported.

TREND////18.09.2010 01:05

Rasmussen delivered what NATO described as a "major policy speech" at a gathering of the Aspen Institute in Rome.

"This bridge across Europe, between NATO and Russia, makes Europe more stable and more secure.


"Yes, we disagree every once in a while, and fundamentally on some issues ... But we have learned not to let that overshadow the importance and the potential of this relationship," Rasmussen said.


In particular, NATO viewed the recent Russian decision to move missiles into Georgia, as a "dangerous move that is clearly in violation" of the French-brokered ceasefire, Rasmussen said.


On the positive side, cooperation had been achieved with Russia in combating terrorism, Rasmussen said. He also referred to Moscow's "support" for NATO's mission in Afghanistan.


Rasmussen pinpointed "three tracks" which he said would improve security in Europe: missile defence, conventional arms control and reducing the number of short-range nuclear weapons in the region.


He stressed the creation of an inclusive missile defence system.


"If Russia and other countries feel like they are inside the tent with the rest of us, rather than outside the tent looking in, it will build trust" Rasmussen said.


He warned of the threat posed by Russia's decision to suspend its participation in the Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty - which sets limits on how many armaments such as tanks, armoured vehicles, and fighter airplanes each country can hold.


Rasmussen said it would be "politically difficult" for NATO countries to continue to comply with the treaty if Russia fails to do so.


He, however, did not provide details of any time frame before NATO members stopped to comply with the treaty.


As for the short-range nuclear weapons, Rasmussen said "literally thousands" of these were left over from the Cold War, mostly in Russia.


"This is the one category of weapons not covered by any arms control regime, and therefore with no transparency," making NATO members "cautious," Rasmussen said.


"They would like to see arms control talks, at a certain stage, which include those weapons as well," he added.


In Rome, the NATO secretary general also held talks with Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, whom he thanked for Italy's contribution to the Afghanistan mission.

China : Anti-Japan protests..[ 1817 ]


Anti-Japan protests mark China anniversary

Protesters hold signs reading "Japan, Get out" during a protest outside the Japanese embassy in Beijing  
Protesters called for Japan to 'get out' of disputed islands in the East China Sea
Small groups of protesters have demonstrated against Japan in several Chinese cities.
They mark the anniversary of the 1931 "Mukden Incident" that led to Japan's occupation of north-east China.
In Beijing, dozens gathered outside the Japanese Embassy, while smaller demonstrations were held in Shanghai, Shenyang and Chongqing.
 BBC
Anti-Japanese sentiment has been stoked by Japan's arrest of a Chinese fishing boat captain near disputed islands.
The sailor was detained last week after his fishing vessel collided with two Japanese coast guard boats near the islands, called Diaoyu in China and Senkaku in Japan.
Japan has returned the ship and its crew but still holds the captain in detention. China has demanded his release.
Both countries claim ownership of the islands and have argued over the exploration rights for a nearby gas field.
Protesters in Beijing shouted and held signs saying: "Get out of the Diaoyu Islands".
In Shanghai, two men hung a banner saying: "The Diaoyu islands belong to China... return our captain".
Map

More on This Story

Friday, September 17, 2010

Drill reaches in Chile mine...[ 1816 ]

Drill reaches trapped men in Chile mine

The pithead near Copiapo, 16 Sept 
The rescue operation is still expected to take several weeks

A drill boring a rescue hole has now reached the 33 Chilean miners trapped since 5 August, officials have said.
However, it will take weeks for the 630m (2,060ft) deep hole to be redrilled to allow the miners to be pulled out. The width is now 30cm (12in) and will need to be about 70cm.
It is hoped the men can be freed by early November.
They were trapped when the main access tunnel to the San Jose copper and gold mine near Copiapo collapsed.
The 32 Chileans and one Bolivian have survived longer than any other group trapped underground.
Three bore holes have already reached the men to supply them with food, water and medicine.
Camp Hope
Atacama region Governor Ximena Matas confirmed that the Schramm T-130 probe had reached the cavern holding the trapped miners.
The T-130 is Plan B of three drilling operations and is expected to be the fastest.
The T-130 has had its problems, breaking a drill bit last week. The operation resumed on Tuesday.
Plan A is the Strata 950 and is expected to reach the men by Christmas.
Assembly of Plan C, the giant RIG-422 drill, was completed on Thursday but it has not yet started drilling. It has a two-month rescue timetable.
Chile celebrates its bicentennial independence celebrations on Saturday and the miners and their families are expected to raise the Chilean flag and sing the national anthem.
The men were found to be alive 12 days after the collapse and relatives have since set up Camp Hope at the pithead.

Thursday, September 16, 2010

Viva México! Viva la Independencia!..[ 1815 ]

Flag of Mexico, Encyclopaedia BritannicaQuestion: On what day is Mexican independence celebrated?

If you said Cinco de Mayo, a national holiday in Mexico in honor of a military victory in 1862 in Battle of Puebla over the French forces of Napoleon III, you’d be in good company, but you’d also be wrong.
On this day in 1810 Miguel Hidalgo issued El Grito de Dolores, the battle cry of Mexican independenceThe day celebrated as Mexican Independence Day is September 16 and predates Cinco de Mayo by 52 years. It was 200 years ago today, on September 16, 1810, that Catholic priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, called the Father of Mexican Independence, issued his famous Grito de Dolores (the “Cry of Dolores”), which became the battle cry of the Mexican War of Independence from Spain. In commemoration of his cry, on the eve of Mexican Independence Day the president of Mexico shouts a version of “el Grito” from the balcony of the National Palace in Mexico City: “Viva México! Viva la Independencia! Vivan los héroes!”
So, what is the context of el Grito and what did Hidalgo accomplish? As Britannica’s article on Mexico discusses,
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla; Ann Ronan Picture Library/Heritage-ImagesWarning that the Spaniards would deliver Mexico to the “godless” French, Hidalgo exhorted his followers to fight and die for the Mexican Virgin, Our Lady of Guadalupe. When Hidalgo left his tiny village, he marched with his followers into Guanajuato, a major colonial mining centre peopled by Spaniards and Creoles. There the leading citizens barricaded themselves in a public granary. Hidalgo captured the granary on September 28, but he quickly lost control of his rebel army, which massacred most of the Creole elite and pillaged the town.
Reports of the chaos in Guanajuato fed the support for the viceroy’s efforts to crush the rebellion, lest a full-scale caste war ensue. Royalist forces defeated Hidalgo at the Bridge of Calderón on Jan. 18, 1811, and captured him along with other major insurgent leaders on March 19. On July 31 Hidalgo was executed, ending the first of the political civil wars that were to wrack Mexico for three-fourths of a century.
The Hidalgo cause was taken up by his associate José María Morelos y Pavón, another parish priest. With a small but disciplined rebel army he won control of substantial sections of southern Mexico. The constituent congresses, which Morelos called at Chilpancingo in 1813, issued at Apatzingán in 1814 formal declarations of independence and drafted republican constitutions for the areas under his military control.
At about the same time, Napoleonic troops were withdrawing from Spain, and in 1814 Ferdinand VII returned from involuntary exile. One of his first acts was to nullify Spain’s liberal 1812 constitution. Spanish troops, which were no longer needed to fight the French, were ordered to crush the Morelos revolution. Captured and defrocked, Morelos was shot as a heretic and a revolutionary on Dec. 22, 1815. Scattered but dwindling guerrilla bands kept alive the populist, republican, nationalist tradition of Hidalgo and Morelos.
Mural depicting the Grito de Dolores, by Juan O’Gorman; The Granger CollectionMexican independence came about almost by accident when constitutionalists in Spain led a rebellion that, in 1820, forced Ferdinand VII to reinstate the liberal constitution of 1812. Conservatives in Mexico, alarmed that anticlerical liberals would threaten their religious, economic, and social privileges, saw independence from Spain as a method of sparing New Spain from such changes. They found a spokesman and able leader in Agustín de Iturbide, a first-generation Creole. Iturbide, who had served as a loyal royalist officer against Hidalgo and others, had been given command of royal troops with which he was to snuff out remnants of the republican movement, then headed by the future president Vicente Guerrero.
While ostensibly fighting Guerrero, however, Iturbide was in fact negotiating with him to join a new independence movement. In 1821 they issued the so-called Iguala Plan (Plan de Iguala), a conservative document declaring that Mexico was to be independent, that its religion was to be Roman Catholicism, and that its inhabitants were to be united, without distinction between Mexican and European. It stipulated further that Mexico would become a constitutional monarchy under Ferdinand VII, that he or some Spanish prince would occupy the throne in Mexico City, and that an interim junta would draw up regulations for the election of deputies to a congress that would write a constitution for the monarchy.
United as the Army of the Three Guarantees (independence, union, preservation of Roman Catholicism), the combined troops of Iturbide and Guerrero gained control of most of Mexico by the time Juan O’Donojú, appointed Spanish captain general, arrived in the viceregal capital. Without money, provisions, or troops, O’Donojú felt himself compelled to sign the Treaty of Córdoba on Aug. 24, 1821. The treaty officially ended New Spain’s dependence on Old Spain, renamed the nation the Mexican Empire, and declared that the congress was to elect an emperor if no suitable European prince could be found. In one of the ironies of history, a conservative Mexico had gained independence from a temporarily liberal Spain.
El Grito kicked off more than a decade of struggle in which much of Latin America received its independence from Spain, and mid-September to mid-October is a month set aside to honor the achievements of Latinos. In honor of that month, Britannica presents Hispanic Heritage in the Americas, a special feature, which explores the people, places, events, and traditions that have shaped—and continue to shape—the vibrant Hispanic culture that thrives today in South, Central, and North America.
Photo credits (from top to bottom): Encyclopaedia Britannica; Ann Ronan Picture Library/Heritage-Images; The Granger Collection.

NASA Image of the Day, Sep 16th,,[ 1814 ]

The latest NASA "Image of the Day" image.

This high forward oblique view of Rima Ariadaeus on the moon was photographed by the Apollo 10 crew in May 1969. Center point coordinates are located at 17 degrees, 5 minutes east longitude and 5 degrees, 0 minutes north latitude. 
The Apollo 10 crew aimed a hand-held 70mm camera at the surface from lunar orbit for a series of images of this area. 
Image Credit: NASA
Πέμπτη, 16 Σεπτέμβριος 2010 7:00:00 πμ